RSEA.D. Notes Week 144

Torah Study Notes for Week 144 of the Torah Reading Cycle

thecord.life/notes/week144

Read
Aloud together to hear the Word (Leviticus 23:1-3; Nehemiah 8:1-4; Luke 4:16-17)

  • Torah (T): Devarim (Deuteronomy) 24:1 – 25:19
  • Prophets (P): Hosea 10:11 – 11:12
  • Apostolic (A): Matthew 19:1-9; 1 Corinthians 9:1-14; 1 Timothy 5:17-18
  • Additional (ADD): Sirach 42:1-25

Summary
Context and coherence (Nehemiah 8:8)

Devarim (Deuteronomy) 24:5-22

אִשָּׁה ishah (H802) is translated as “woman” from the root אִישׁ ish (H376) which means “man.” “…She will be called ‘woman,’ because she was taken out of Man.” (Genesis 2:23 cf. 1 Corinthians 11:7-12). אִישׁ ish is equivalent to the Greek word γυνή gynē (G1135) which also translates as both “woman” or “wife.” Neither Biblical Hebrew or Greek have a definitive word for “wife.”

  1. Newlyweds 24:5 When a man takes a new woman, he will not go out in the army, neither will he cross over to him for any word. He will be free at home one year, and will rejoice with his woman whom he has taken.
  2. Pledging One’s Livelihood 24:6 No man will take the mill or the upper millstone as a pledge, for he takes a life in pledge.
  3. Kidnapping / Trafficking 24:7 If a man is found stealing any of his brothers of the sons of Israel, and he deals with him as a slave, or sells him, then that thief will die. So you will remove the evil from among you.
  4. Plague of Infection Reminder (“Leprosy”) 24:8 Be careful in the plague of infection, that you guard to do according to all that the priests, the Levites, will teach you. As I commanded them, so you will guard to do. 9 Remember what YHWH your Elohim did to Miriam, by the way as you came out of Egypt.
  5. Collecting a Pledge 24:10 When you lend your neighbor any kind of loan, you will not go into his house to get his pledge. 11 You will stand outside, and the man to whom you lend will bring the pledge outside to you.
  6. Returning the Pledge of the Afflicted 24:12 If he is an afflicted man, you will not sleep with his pledge. 13 You will surely restore to him the pledge when the sun goes down, that he may sleep in his garment and bless you. It will be righteousness to you before YHWH your Elohim.
    1. Deuteronomy 22:12 You will make yourselves fringes on the four wings of your cloak with which you cover yourself.
    2. Numbers 15:37-40 YHWH spoke to Moses, saying, 38 “Speak to the sons of Israel, and tell them that they should make themselves fringes on the wings of their garments throughout their generations, and that they put on the fringe of the wing a cord of blue. 39 It will be to you for a fringe, that you may see it, and remember all YHWH’s commandments, and do them; and that you don’t follow your own heart and your own eyes, after which you used to whore; 40 so that you may remember and do all my commandments, and be holy to your Elohim.
  7. Same-Day Wages Paid to Afflicted and Needy 24:14 You will not oppress a hired-servant who is afflicted and needy, whether he is one of your brothers or one of the sojourners who are in your land within your gates. 15 In his day you will give him his wages, neither will the sun go down on it, for he is afflicted and sets his heart on it, lest he cry against you to YHWH, and it be sin to you.
  8. Forbidden Punishment for Father/Son Sins 24:16 The fathers will not be put to death for the sons, neither will the sons be put to death for the fathers. Every man will be put to death for his own sin.
  9. Sojourners and Fatherless Receive Right-Ruling and Judgement / Widow’s Garment Cannot Be Pledged 24:17 You will not deprive the sojourner or the fatherless of judgement, nor take a widow’s clothing in pledge; 18 but you will remember that you were a slave in Egypt, and YHWH your Elohim redeemed you there. Therefore I command you to do this word.
  10. Forbidden to Retrieve a Forgotten Sheaf 24:19 When you reap your harvest in your field, and have forgotten a sheaf in the field, you will not go again to get it. It will be for the sojourner, for the fatherless, and for the widow, that YHWH your Elohim may bless you in all the work of your hands.
  11. Forbidden to Re-Beat Olive Tree 24:20 When you beat your olive tree, you will not go over the boughs again. It will be for the sojourner, for the fatherless, and for the widow.
  12. Forbidden to Re-Glean Vineyard 24:21 When you harvest your vineyard, you will not glean it after yourselves. It will be for the sojourner, for the fatherless, and for the widow. 22 You will remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt. Therefore I command you to do this word.

Jacob (James) 1:7 Pure religion and undefiled before our God and Father is this: to visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep oneself unstained by the world.

Devarim (Deuteronomy) 24:1-22
  1. 40 Maximum Lashes in Punishment 25:1-3; If there is a dispute between men, and they come to judgment and the judges judge them, then they will justify the righteous and condemn the wicked. 2 It will be, if the wicked man is worthy of striking, that the judge will cause him to lie down and to be struck before his face, according to his wickedness, by number. 3 He may sentence him to no more than forty stripes. He will not give more, lest if he should give more and strike him more than that many stripes, then your brother will be degraded in your sight.
    1. 2 Corinthians 11:23 Are they servants of Messiah? I speak as one beside himself. I am more so: in labors more abundantly, in prisons more abundantly, in stripes above measure, and in deaths often. 24 Five times I received forty stripes minus one from the Jews.
  2. 25:4 You will not muzzle the ox when he treads out the grain.
    1. 1 Timothy 5:17 Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and in teaching. 18 For the Scripture says, “You will not muzzle the ox when it treads out the grain.” (cf. Deuteronomy 25:4) And, “The laborer is worthy of his wages.” (cf. Leviticus 19:13; Luke 10:7)
  3. Levirate Marriage (The term comes from the Latin levir, meaning “husband’s brother.”) 25:5-10; If brothers dwell together, and one of them dies and has no son, the woman of the dead will not be married outside to a strange man. Her husband’s brother will go in to her, and he will take her for him for a woman, and he will do the marriage duty with her. 6 It will be that the firstborn whom she bears will rise upon the name of his brother who is dead, that his name not be blotted out of Israel. 7 If the man doesn’t want to take his brother’s woman, then his brother’s woman will go up to the gate to the elders, and say, “My husband’s brother refuses to raise up to his brother a name in Israel. He will not perform the duty of a husband’s brother to me.” 8 Then the elders of his city will call him, and speak to him. If he stands and says, “I don’t want to take her,” 9 then his brother’s woman will come to him to the eye of the elders, and loose his sandal from off his foot, and spit in his face. She will answer and say, “So will it be done to the man who does not build up his brother’s house.” 10 His name will be called in Israel, “The house of him who had his sandal removed.”
  4. Cutting of the Palm 25:11-12; When men strive against each other, and the woman of one draws near to deliver her husband out of the hand of him who strikes him, and puts out her hand, and grabs him by his genitals, 12 then you will slice off her palm. Your eye will have no pity.
    1. כַּף kaph (H3709) means “palm” which is the  hollow or flat of the hand not the actual hand (the end part of a person’s arm beyond the wrist), which would be יָד yad (H3027).
  5. Forbidden Diverse Weights and Measures 25:13-15; You will not have in your bag diverse weights, one heavy and one light. 14 You will not have in your house diverse measures, one large and one small. 15 You will have a complete and righteous weight. You will have a complete and righteous measure, that your days may be long in the land which YHWH your Elohim gives you.
  6. 25:16-19; For all who do these, all who do unrighteously, are an abomination to YHWH your Elohim. 17 Remember what Amalek did to you by the way as you came out of Egypt, 18 how he met you by the way, and struck the rearmost of you, all who were shattered behind you, when you were faint and weary; and he didn’t fear Elohim. 19 Therefore it will be, when YHWH your Elohim has given you rest from all your enemies all around, in the land which YHWH your Elohim gives you for an inheritance to possess it, that you will blot out the memory of Amalek from under the heavens. You will not forget.

Exhortation
Counsel, comfort, and encouragement (Acts 13:14-15)

Deuteronomy 24:1-4 When a man takes a woman and marries her (becomes her owner), then it will be, if she finds no favor in his eyes because he has found a nakedness of a word in her, then he will write her a certificate of divorce, put it in her hand, and send her out of his house. 2 When she has departed out of his house, she may go and be another man’s woman. 3 If the latter man [who took her to be his woman](DSS) hates her, and writes her a certificate of divorce, puts it in her hand, and sends her out of his house; or if the latter man dies, who took her to be his woman; 4 her former husband (בַּעַל ba’al), who sent her away, may not take her again to be his woman after she is unclean (cf. Leviticus 15:18); for that would be an abomination to YHWH. You will not cause the land to sin, which YHWH your Elohim gives you for an inheritance.

    1. The word ‘husband‘ is בַּעַל ba’al (H1167) which means “to rule” and is concretely represented as a master who binds a yoke to a servant. בַּעַל ba’al comes from the root word עֻלּ ul (H5923) which means “to lift a yoke upon the shoulders” (cf. Genesis 27:40; Leviticus 26:13). In the sense of a husband, intercourse or “taking” the woman, whether there was an actual wedding or not, meant the woman was yoked to the man as her owner (sometimes called “lord” or “master”, cf. 1 Peter 3:6).
    2. The word ‘marries‘ is from בַּעַל ba’al 
      1. Genesis 20:3 But Elohim came to Abimelech in a dream of the night, and said to him, “Behold, you are a dead man, because of the woman whom you have taken; for she is married to a husband.” Literally “owned by an owner”
      2. Deuteronomy 21:13 She will take off the garment of her captivity, and will remain in your house, and bewail her father and her mother a full new moon. After that you will go in to her and be her husband, and she will be your woman.
      3. Deuteronomy 22:22 If a man is found lying with a woman married to a husband, then they will both die, the man who lay with the woman and the woman. So you will remove the evil from Israel.
      4. Deuteronomy 24:1 When a man takes a woman and becomes her owner, then it will be, if she finds no favor in his eyes because he has found a nakedness of a word in her, then he will write her a certificate of divorce, put it in her hand, and send her out of his house.
    3. Divorce is כְּרִיתוּת keritut (H3748) means “to cut off” and comes from the root word karat (H3772) which means “to cut” and often used in Scripture when referring to covenants (“cut a covenant”) because the animal sacrificed is cut in half (cf. Genesis 15:9-10,17-18; Exodus 24:8; Hebrews 9:16-20).
  1. The Covenant
    1. Exodus 24:7-8 He took the Book of the Covenant and read it in the hearing of the people, and they said, “All that YHWH has spoken [we will obey and we will do].”(DSS) 8 Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, “Look, this is the blood of the covenant, which YHWH has made with you concerning all these words.”
    2. Matthew 26:26-28 As they were eating, Yeshua took bread, gave thanks for it, and broke it. He gave to the disciples and said, “Take, eat; this is my body.” 27 He took the cup, gave thanks, and gave to them, saying, “All of you drink it, 28 for this is my blood of the new covenant, which is poured out for many for the remission of sins.
    3. Hebrews 12:22-24 But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable multitudes of angels, 23 to the festal gathering and assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, to God the Judge of all, to the spirits of just men made perfect, 24 to Yeshua, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling that speaks better than that of Abel.
    4. Not New, but Renewed καινῆς διαθήκης kainos diathēkē (G2537 + G1242) is the exact phrase used in Jeremiah 31:31; “Behold, the days come,” says YHWH, “that I will make a renewed covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah…” καινῆς διαθήκης kainos diathēkē is equivalent to the Hebrew בְּרִית חֲדָשָׁה berit chadashah (H1285 + H2319) where both καινῆς kainos and חֲדָשָׁה chadashah mean new as in freshness (renewed) while νέος neos (G3501) is new with respect to age (cf. Exodus 34:18; Leviticus 2:14; Matthew 9:17; 1 Corinthians 5:7; Hebrews 12:24).
    5. Jeremiah 31:31-33 “Behold, the days come,” says YHWH, “that I will make a renewed covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah, 32 not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, which covenant of mine they broke, although I was an owner to them,” says YHWH. 33 “But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days,” says YHWH: “I will put my Torah in their inward parts, and I will write it in their heart. I will be their Elohim, and they will be my people.
  2. His Flesh and Blood
    1. John 6:53-69 Yeshua therefore said to them, “Most certainly I tell you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you don’t have life in yourselves. 54 He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day. 55 For my flesh is food indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. 56 He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood lives in me, and I in him. 57 As the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so he who feeds on me will also live because of me. 58 This is the bread which came down out of heaven—not as our fathers ate the manna and died. He who eats this bread will live forever.” 59 He said these things in the synagogue, as he taught in Capernaum. 60 Therefore many of his disciples, when they heard this, said, “This is a hard saying! Who can listen to it?” 61 But Yeshua knowing in himself that his disciples murmured at this, said to them, “Does this cause you to stumble? 62 Then what if you would see the Son of Man ascending to where he was before? 63 It is the spirit who gives life. The flesh profits nothing. The words that I speak to you are spirit, and are life. 64 But there are some of you who don’t believe.” For Yeshua knew from the beginning who they were who didn’t believe, and who it was who would betray him. 65 He said, “For this cause I have said to you that no one can come to me, unless it is given to him by my Father.” 66 At this, many of his disciples went back and walked no more with him. 67 Yeshua said therefore to the twelve, “You don’t also want to go away, do you?” 68 Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom would we go? You have the words of eternal life. 69 We have come to believe and know that you are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.”
    2. 1 Corinthians 9:13 Don’t you know that those who serve around sacred things eat from the things of the temple, and those who wait on the altar have their portion with the altar?
    3. 1 Corinthians 11:23-26 For I received from the Lord that which also I delivered to you, that the Lord Yeshua on the night in which he was betrayed took bread. 24 When he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “Take, eat. This is my body, which is broken for you. Do this in memory of me.” 25 In the same way he also took the cup after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink, in memory of me.” 26 For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.
  3. The Ownership
    1. 1 Corinthians 6:18-20 Flee sexual immorality! Every sin that a man does is outside the body, but he who commits sexual immorality sins against his own body. 19 Or don’t you know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have from God? You are not your own, 20 for you were bought with a price. Therefore glorify God in your body and in your spirit, which are God’s.
    2. 1 Corinthians 7:22-23 For he who was called in the Lord being a bondservant is the Lord’s free man. Likewise he who was called being free is Messiah’s bondservant. 23 You were bought with a price. Don’t become bondservants of men.
  4. The Cleansing
    1. John 13:1-17 Now before the feast of the Passover, Yeshua, knowing that his time had come that he would depart from this world to the Father, having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. 2 During supper, the devil having already put into the heart of Judah Iscariot, Simon’s son, to betray him, 3 Yeshua, knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he came from God and was going to God, arose from supper, and laid aside his outer garments. He took a towel and wrapped a towel around his waist. 5 Then he poured water into the basin, and began to wash the disciples’ feet and to wipe them with the towel that was wrapped around him. 6 Then he came to Simon Peter. He said to him, “Lord, do you wash my feet?” 7 Yeshua answered him, “You don’t know what I am doing now, but you will understand later.” 8 Peter said to him, “You will never wash my feet!” Yeshua answered him, “If I don’t wash you, you have no part with me.” 9 Simon Peter said to him, “Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head!” 10 Yeshua said to him, “Someone who has bathed only needs to have his feet washed, but is completely clean. You are clean, but not all of you.” 11 For he knew him who would betray him; therefore he said, “You are not all clean.” 12 So when he had washed their feet, put his outer garment back on, and sat down again, he said to them, “Do you know what I have done to you? 13 You call me, ‘Rabbi’ and ‘Lord.’ You say so correctly, for so I am. 14 If I then, the Lord and the Rabbi, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet. 15 For I have given you an example, that you should also do as I have done to you. 16 Most certainly I tell you, a servant is not greater than his lord, neither is one who is sent greater than he who sent him. 17 If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them.
  5. The Great Mystery
    1. Ephesians 5:25-33 Men, love your women, even as Messiah also loved the assembly and gave himself up for her, 26 that he might sanctify her, having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word, 27 that he might present the assembly to himself gloriously, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing, but that she should be holy and without defect. 28 Even so men also ought to love their own women as their own bodies. He who loves his own woman loves himself. 29 For no man ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, even as the Lord also does the assembly, 30 because we are members of his body, of his flesh and bones. 31 “For this cause a man will leave his father and mother and will be joined to his woman. Then the two will become one flesh.” (cf. Genesis 2:24) 32 This mystery is great, but I speak concerning Messiah and the assembly. 33 Nevertheless each of you must also love his own woman even as himself; and let the woman see that she respects her man.

Does anyone have specific questions or need any clarification from what was said during the Summary or Exhortation?

Application & Discussion
Living the Word and following Yeshua (Acts 2:37; Romans 2:13)
Questions, input, and sharpening (Proverbs 27:17; Luke 2:46)

Romans 2:13 For it isn’t the hearers of the Torah who are righteous before Elohim, but the doers of the Torah will be justified.

James 1:22 But be doers of the word, and not only hearers, deluding your own selves.

    1. What questions or comments came up during your family’s discussion of this week’s study?
    2. “What other related Scriptures did you find during your study of this week’s portion?”
    3. Have you ever experienced something from this study or something related to it?
    4. “What changes do you need to make in your life to align with what you learned during this week’s Torah Study?”