Study Notes Week 41

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Aloud together to hear the Word (Leviticus 23:1-3; Nehemiah 8:1-4; Luke 4:16-17)

41:1 At the end of two full years, Pharaoh dreamed, and behold, he stood by the river. 2 Behold, seven cattle came up out of the river. They were sleek and fat, and they fed in the marsh grass. 3 Behold, seven other cattle came up after them out of the river, ugly and thin, and stood by the other cattle on the brink of the river. 4 The ugly and thin cattle ate up the seven sleek and fat cattle. So Pharaoh awoke. 5 He slept and dreamed a second time; and behold, seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, healthy and good. 6 Behold, seven heads of grain, thin and blasted with the east wind, sprung up after them. 7 The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven healthy and full ears. Pharaoh awoke, and behold, it was a dream. 8 In the morning, his spirit was troubled, and he sent and called for all of the magicians of Egypt and wise men. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but there was no one who could interpret them to Pharaoh. 9 Then the chief cupbearer spoke to Pharaoh, saying, “I remember my sins today. 10 Pharaoh was angry with his servants, and put me in custody in the house of the chief of the cooks, with the chief baker. 11 We dreamed a dream in one night, he and I. Each man dreamed according to the interpretation of his dream. 12 There was with us there a young man, a Hebrew, servant to the chief of the cooks, and we told him, and he interpreted to us our dreams. He interpreted to each man according to his dream. 13 As he interpreted to us, so it was. He restored me to my office, and he hanged him.” 14 Then Pharaoh sent and called Joseph, and they brought him hastily out of the dungeon. He shaved himself, changed his clothing, and came in to Pharaoh. 15 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I have dreamed a dream, and there is no one who can interpret it. I have heard it said of you, that when you hear a dream you can interpret it.” 16 Joseph answered Pharaoh, saying, “[Without me, Elohim will give no answer concerning the welfare of Pharaoh.]”^(DSS) 17 Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, “In my dream, behold, I stood on the brink of the river; 18 and behold, seven fat and sleek cattle came up out of the river. They fed in the marsh grass; 19 and behold, seven other cattle came up after them, helpless and very ugly and thin, such as I never saw in all the land of Egypt for ugliness. 20 The thin and ugly cattle ate up the first seven fat cattle; 21 and when they had eaten them up, it couldn't be known that they had eaten them, but they were still ugly, as at the beginning. So I awoke. 22 [And I fell asleep]^(LXX) and I saw in my dream, and behold, seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, full and good; 23 and behold, seven heads of grain, withered, thin, and blasted with the east wind, sprung up after them. 24 [And the seven]^(LXX) thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven good heads of grain. I told it to the magicians, but there was no one who could explain it to me.” 25 Joseph said to Pharaoh, “The dream of Pharaoh is one. What [the Elohim]^(MTT) does is told to Pharaoh. 26 The seven good cattle are seven years; and the seven good heads of grain are seven years. The dream is one. 27 The seven thin and ugly cattle that came up after them are seven years, and also the seven empty heads of grain blasted with the east wind; they will be seven years of famine. 28 That is the thing which I have spoken to Pharaoh. [And the word which I have said to Pharaoh, [the Elohim]^(MTT) will do as much to show to Pharaoh.]^(LXX) 29 Behold, seven years of great plenty throughout all the land of Egypt are coming. 30 Seven years of famine will arise after them, and all the plenty will be forgotten in the land of Egypt. The famine will consume the land, 31 and the plenty will not be known in the land by reason of that famine which follows; for it will be very grievous. 32 The dream was doubled to Pharaoh, because the thing is established by [the Elohim],^(MTT) and [the Elohim]^(MTT) will shortly bring it to pass. 33 “Now therefore let Pharaoh look for a discreet and wise man, and set him over the land of Egypt. 34 Let Pharaoh do this, and let him appoint overseers over the land, and [they should]^(LXX) take up the fifth part [of all the produce]^(LXX) of the land of Egypt in the seven plenteous years. 35 Let them gather all the food of these good years that come, and store grain under the hand of Pharaoh for food in the cities, and let them keep it. 36 The food will be to supply the land against the seven years of famine, which will be in the land of Egypt; so that the land will not perish through the famine.” 37 The thing was good in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of all his servants. 38 Pharaoh said to his servants, “Can we find such a one as this, a man in whom is the Spirit of Elohim?” 39 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Because Elohim has made known to you all of this, there is no one so discreet and wise as you. 40 You shall be over my house and at your mouth all my people shall kiss. Only in the throne I will be greater than you.” 41 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Behold, I have set you over all the land of Egypt.” 42 Pharaoh took off his signet ring from his hand, and put it on the hand of Joseph, and arrayed him in robes of fine linen, and put a gold chain about his neck. 43 He made him ride in the second chariot which he had. They cried before him, “Bend the knee!” He set him over all the land of Egypt. 44 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I am Pharaoh. Without you, no man shall lift up his hand or his foot in all the land of Egypt.” 45 Pharaoh called the name of Joseph Zaphenath-Paneah. He gave him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On as a wife. Joseph went out over the land of Egypt. 46 Joseph was thirty years old when he stood before Pharaoh king of Egypt. Joseph went out from the face of Pharaoh, and went throughout all the land of Egypt. 47 In the seven plenteous years the land produced by handfuls. 48 He gathered up all the food of the seven years [when there was abundance]^(LXX) in the land of Egypt, and laid up the food in the cities. He stored food in each city from the fields around that city. 49 Joseph laid up grain as the sand of the sea, very much, until he stopped counting, for it was without number. 50 To Joseph were born two sons before the year of famine came, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, bore to him. 51 Joseph called the name of the firstborn Manasseh, “For”, he said, “Elohim has made me forget all my toil, and all my father's house.” 52 The name of the second, he called Ephraim: “For Elohim has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.” 53 The seven years of plenty, that were in the land of Egypt, came to an end. 54 The seven years of famine began to come, just as Joseph had said. There was famine in all lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread. 55 When all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried to Pharaoh for bread, and Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, “Go to Joseph. What he says to you, do.” 56 The famine was over all the surface of the land. Joseph opened all the store houses [of grain],^(LXX) and sold to the Egyptians. The famine was severe in the land of Egypt. 57 All countries came into Egypt, to Joseph, to buy grain, because the famine was severe in all the land.

Torah Portion Summary
Context and coherence (Nehemiah 8:8)

Review

1. Genesis 37:5-8 Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it to his brothers, and they hated him all the more. 6 He said to them, “Please hear this dream which I have dreamed: 7 for behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and behold, my sheaf arose and also stood upright; and behold, your sheaves came around, and bowed down to my sheaf.” 8 His brothers asked him, “Will you indeed reign over us? Will you indeed have dominion over us?” They hated him all the more for his dreams and for his words.
   1. Prophesy = נַבְּאִֽים naveim (H5012) comes from a root that literally means “seed inside” and is represented by fruits, since fruit hides the seeds inside it. A person who speaks prophecy is one who announces or utters the words or instructions of Elohim received through a vision or dream (cf. Numbers 12:6)
   2. Visions = חִזָּיוֹן chizayon (H2384) means “to see” as in the ability to see beyond what is physically seen. חִזָּיוֹן chizayon shares the root “to see” with חָזִיז chaziz (H2385) which is a flash of light or lightning or a moment of vision in the dark of night (cf. Job 28:26; Job 38:25; Zechariah 10:1).
   3. Deep Sleep = תַּרְדֵּמָה tardemah (H8639) is a feminine noun from the word רָדַם radam (H7290) which means to sleep or unconscious and has been translated as a deep sleep or dead sleep (cf. Genesis 2:21) but might be better defined as a profound and divinely-induced half-conscious state characterized by an absence of response to external stimuli. The Septuagint (LXX) translates תַּרְדֵּמָה tardemah as the Greek word ἔκστασις ekstasis (G1611) which is a state of partly suspended animation or inability to function; a deep sleep or unconsciousness (cf. Act 10:10; Acts 11:5; Acts 22:17). ἔκστασις ekstasis can be further defined as any displacement or casting down of a thing from its proper place or state; a throwing or alienation of the mind out of its normal state, whether such as makes a lunatic or that of a man who by some sudden emotion is transported as it were out of himself, so that in this rapt condition, although he is awake, his mind is drawn off from all surrounding objects and wholly fixed on things divine that he sees nothing but the forms and images lying within, and thinks that he perceives with his bodily eyes and ears realities shown him by God (Outline of Biblical Usage by Larry Pierce).
   4. Dream = חֲלוֹם chalom (H2472) essentially means to gaze comes from a root word that means “to pass through”. חֲלוֹם chalom is equivalent to the Greek word ἐνύπνιον enypnion (en-oop’-nee-on) (G1798) and is from the words en + hypnos meaning “in sleep” as in “something seen or gazed upon in sleep.”
   5. Intepration = פִּתְרוֹן piṯrôn (H6623) means “to open” in the sense of revealing a text or speech in order to understand and comes from a root word meaning to break open to reveal fruit.
2. Sirach 34:1-7 Vain and false hopes are for a man void of understanding. Dreams give wings to fools. 2 As one who grasps at a shadow and follows after the wind, so is he who sets his mind on dreams. 3 The vision of dreams is a reflection, the likeness of a face near a face. 4 From an unclean thing what can be cleansed? From that which is false what can be true? 5 Divinations, and soothsayings, and dreams, are vain. The heart has fantasies like a woman in labor. 6 If they are not sent in a inspection from the Most High, don’t give your heart to them. 7 For dreams have led many astray. They have failed by putting their hope in them.

Genesis 41:1-37

1. Genesis 41:1 At the end of two full years, Pharaoh dreamed, and behold, he stood by the river.
   1. Josephus 2.5.4. But Elohim freed Joseph from his confinement, after he had endured his bonds two years, and had received no assistance from the cupbearer, who did not remember what he had said to him formerly; and Elohim contrived this method of deliverance for him…
   2. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan But because, Joseph had withdrawn from the mercy that is above, and had put his confidence in the chief butler, he waited on the flesh. Therefore the chief butler did not remember Joseph, but forgot him, until from the Lord came the time of the end that he should be released.
   3. Jerusalem Targum Joseph left the mercy above, and the mercy beneath, and the mercy which accompanied him from his father’s house, and put his confidence in the chief butler: he trusted in the flesh, and the flesh he tasted of, even the cup of death. Neither did he remember the scripture where it is written expressly, Cursed will be the man who trusteth in the flesh, and setteth the flesh as his confidence. Blessed will be the man who trusteth in the Name of the Word of the Lord, and whose confidence is the Word of the Lord (cf. Jeremiah 17:5-7). Therefore the chief butler did not remember Joseph, but forgot him, until the time of the end came that he should be released.
2. Genesis 41:2-7 Behold, seven cattle came up out of the river. They were sleek and fat, and they fed in the marsh grass. 3 Behold, seven other cattle came up after them out of the river, ugly and thin, and stood by the other cattle on the brink of the river. 4 The ugly and thin cattle ate up the seven sleek and fat cattle. So Pharaoh awoke. 5 He slept and dreamed a second time; and behold, seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, healthy and good. 6 Behold, seven heads of grain, thin and blasted with the east wind, sprung up after them. 7 The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven healthy and full ears. Pharaoh awoke, and behold, it was a dream.
   1. The Book of Enoch 76:1-13 describes the twelve portals of the winds that proceed from the quarters of the heavens and their purpose as taught to Methuselah who was the son of Enoch (cf. Genesis 5:21), the father of Lamech, and the grandfather of Noaḥ and the oldest person who ever lived at 969 years old (cf. Genesis 5:27). 76:1 “And at the ends of the land I saw twelve portals open to all the quarters (of the heavens), from which the winds go forth and blow over the land. 2. Three of them are open on the face (i.e. the east) of the heavens, and three in the west, and three on the right (i.e. the south) of the heavens, and three on the left (i.e. the north)… 4. Through four of these come winds of blessing and prosperity, and from those eight come hurtful winds: when they are sent, they bring destruction on all the land and on the water upon it, and on all who dwell thereon, and on everything which is in the water and on the land…13. And the twelve portals of the four quarters of the heavens are therewith completed, and all their laws and all their plagues and all their benefactions have I shown to thee, my son Methuselah.”
   2. The East Winds (cf. Exodus 10:13; Job 38:24; Psalm 48:7; Hosea 13:15; Jonah 4:8)
   3. Enoch 76:5-6 And the first wind from those portals, called the east wind, comes forth through the first portal which is in the east, inclining towards the south: from it come forth desolation, drought, heat, and destruction. 6. And through the second portal in the middle comes what is fitting, and from it there come rain and fruitfulness and prosperity and dew; and through the third portal which lies toward the north come cold and drought.
3. Genesis 41:8 In the morning, his spirit was troubled, and he sent and called for all of the magicians of Egypt and wise men. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but there was no one who could interpret them to Pharaoh.
   1. Josephus 2.5.4. But Elohim freed Joseph from his confinement, after he had endured his bonds two years, and had received no assistance from the cupbearer, who did not remember what he had said to him formerly; and Elohim contrived this method of deliverance for him. Pharaoh the king had seen in his sleep the same evening two visions; and after them had the interpretations of them both given him. He had forgotten the latter, but retained the dreams themselves. Being therefore troubled at what he had seen, for it seemed to him to be all of a melancholy nature, the next day he called together the wisest men among the Egyptians, desiring to learn from them the interpretation of his dreams. But when they hesitated about them, the king was so much the more disturbed. And now it was that the memory of Joseph, and his skill in dreams, came into the mind of the king’s cupbearer, when he saw the confusion that Pharaoh was in; so he came and mentioned Joseph to him, as also the vision he had seen in prison, and how the event proved as he had said
4. Genesis 41:9-13 Then the chief cupbearer spoke to Pharaoh, saying, “I remember my sins today. 10 Pharaoh was angry with his servants, and put me in custody in the house of the chief of the cooks, with the chief baker. 11 We dreamed a dream in one night, he and I. Each man dreamed according to the interpretation of his dream. 12 There was with us there a young man, a Hebrew, servant to the chief of the cooks, and we told him, and he interpreted to us our dreams. He interpreted to each man according to his dream. 13 As he interpreted to us, so it was. He restored me to my office, and he hanged him.”
5. Genesis 41:14 Then Pharaoh sent and called Joseph, and they brought him hastily out of the dungeon. He shaved himself, changed his clothing, and came in to Pharaoh.
6. Genesis 41:15-16 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I have dreamed a dream, and there is no one who can interpret it. I have heard it said of you, that when you hear a dream you can interpret it.” 16 Joseph answered Pharaoh, saying, “[Without me, Elohim will give no answer concerning the welfare of Pharaoh.]”^(DSS)
   • בִּלְעָדָי אֱלֹהִים לֹא יַעֲנֶה אֶת־שְׁלוֹם פַּרְעֹה Bil’adai elohim lo ya’aneh et-shelom par’oh
     4Q9 Genesis^j 41:15-16 – 15 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I have dreamed a dream, and there is no one who can interpret it. I have heard it said of you, that when you hear a dream you can interpret it.” 16 Joseph answered Pharaoh, saying, “It isn’t in me. Without me* Elohim will not give Pharaoh an answer of peace.”
     “The scroll labeled 4QGen^j contains the precursor to [Genesis 41:16] found in both the Septuagint and the Samaritan Pentateuch texts. Because of the potentially arrogant interpretation of this particular version—it could be read as “Apart from me [Joseph], Elohim will give no answer concerning the welfare of Pharaoh”—it is possible that a scribe in antiquity removed the second negative to protect the character of Joseph. 4QGen^j (with the Septuagint and the Samaritan Pentateuch) may, in fact, represent the original version.” – The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible, The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English by Martin G. Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, Eugene Ulrich*The presence of the word “not” in the second half of the sentence requires a rewording in the first half of the sentence in order to make sense. – Craig Davis, Dead Sea Scrolls Bible Translations
   • Targum Pseudo-Jonathan And Pharaoh sent and called Joseph, and hastened him from the prison; and he dressed his hair, and changed his garments, and went unto Pharaoh. And Pharaoh said to Joseph, I have dreamed a dream, and there is no interpreter for it; and I have heard of thee, saying, that if thou hear a dream thou canst explain it. And Joseph answered Pharaoh, saying, (It is) without me; it is not man who interprets dreams: but from before the Lord will be an answer of peace unto Pharaoh.
7. Genesis 41:17-24 Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, “In my dream, behold, I stood on the brink of the river; 18 and behold, seven fat and sleek cattle came up out of the river. They fed in the marsh grass; 19 and behold, seven other cattle came up after them, helpless and very ugly and thin, such as I never saw in all the land of Egypt for ugliness. 20 The thin and ugly cattle ate up the first seven fat cattle; 21 and when they had eaten them up, it couldn’t be known that they had eaten them, but they were still ugly, as at the beginning. So I awoke. 22 [And I fell asleep]^(LXX) and I saw in my dream, and behold, seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, full and good; 23 and behold, seven heads of grain, withered, thin, and blasted with the east wind, sprung up after them. 24 [And the seven]^(LXX) thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven good heads of grain. I told it to the magicians, but there was no one who could explain it to me.”
8. Genesis 41:25 Joseph said to Pharaoh, “The dream of Pharaoh is one. What [the Elohim]^(MTT) does is told to Pharaoh.
9. Genesis 41:26 The seven good cattle are seven years; and the seven good heads of grain are seven years. The dream is one.
10. Genesis 41:27-32 The seven thin and ugly cattle that came up after them are seven years, and also the seven empty heads of grain blasted with the east wind; they will be seven years of famine. 28 That is the thing which I have spoken to Pharaoh. [And the word which I have said to Pharaoh, [the Elohim]^(MTT) will do as much to show to Pharaoh.]^(LXX) 29 Behold, seven years of great plenty throughout all the land of Egypt are coming. 30 Seven years of famine will arise after them, and all the plenty will be forgotten in the land of Egypt. The famine will consume the land, 31 and the plenty will not be known in the land by reason of that famine which follows; for it will be very grievous. 32 The dream was doubled to Pharaoh, because the thing is established by [the Elohim],^(MTT) and [the Elohim]^(MTT) will shortly bring it to pass.
11. Genesis 41:33-36 “Now therefore let Pharaoh look for a discreet and wise man, and set him over the land of Egypt. 34 Let Pharaoh do this, and let him appoint overseers over the land, and [they should]^(LXX) take up the fifth part [of all the produce]^(LXX) of the land of Egypt in the seven plenteous years. 35 Let them gather all the food of these good years that come, and store grain under the hand of Pharaoh for food in the cities, and let them keep it. 36 The food will be to supply the land against the seven years of famine, which will be in the land of Egypt; so that the land will not perish through the famine.”
12. Genesis 41:37-41 The thing was good in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of all his servants. 38 Pharaoh said to his servants, “Can we find such a one as this, a man in whom is the Spirit of Elohim?” 39 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Because Elohim has made known to you all of this, there is no one so discreet and wise as you. 40 You shall be over my house and at your mouth all my people shall kiss. Only in the throne I will be greater than you.” 41 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Behold, I have set you over all the land of Egypt.”
    1. The Hebrew word נָשַׁק nashaq (H5401) is most often translated as, “kiss” (cf. Genesis 27:26-27; Genesis 29:11; Genesis 45:15; Ruth 1:14; Psalms 2:12) where נָשַׁק nashaq means “to touch” and is concretely represented as a weapon (cf. Psalms 78:9; 1 Chronicles 12:2) as in a touching in love with the lips or in battle with weapons.
       1. וְעַל־פִּיךָ יִשַּׁק כָּל־עַמִּי The phrase “and upon your mouth he will kiss all my people” may also be translated as “and by the words of your mouth will all my people be touched” or “and by your edge (of the sword) will all my people be armed.” – Jeff Benner
    2. Psalms 2:1-12 Why do the nations rage, and the peoples plot a vain thing? 2 The kings of the land take a stand, and the rulers take counsel together, against YHWH, and against his Anointed, saying, 3 “Let’s break their bonds apart, and cast their cords from us.” 4 He who sits in the heavens will laugh. The Lord will have them in derision. 5 Then he will speak to them in his anger, and terrify them in his wrath: 6 “Yet I have set my King on my holy hill of Zion.” 7 I will tell of the decree: YHWH said to me, “You are my son. Today I have become your father. 8 Ask of me, and I will give the nations for your inheritance, the uttermost parts of the land for your possession. 9 You will break them with a rod of iron. You will dash them in pieces like a potter’s vessel.” 10 Now therefore be wise, you kings. Be instructed, you judges of the land. 11 Serve YHWH with fear, and rejoice with trembling. 12 Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and you perish on the way, for his wrath will soon be kindled. Blessed are all those who take refuge in him.
       1. נַשְּׁקוּ־בַר nashqu bar (H1248) where bar means “chosen or son” in Hebrew (cf. Psalms 2:12; Proverbs 31:2) and means “son” in Aramaic.
          The Hebrew word נָשַׁק nashaq (H5401) is most often translated as, “kiss” (cf. Genesis 27:26-27; Genesis 29:11; Genesis 45:15; Ruth 1:14; Psalms 2:12) where נָשַׁק nashaq means “to touch” and is concretely represented as a weapon (cf. Psalms 78:9; 1 Chronicles 12:2) as in a touching in love with the lips or in battle with weapons.
       2. Luke 3:21-23 Now when all the people were immersed, Yeshua also had been immersed and was praying. The heavens was opened, 22 and the Holy Spirit descended in a bodily form like a dove on him; and a voice came out of the heavens, saying “You are my beloved Son. In you I am well pleased.” 23 Yeshua himself, when he began to teach, was about thirty years old, being the son, as was supposed, of Joseph, the son of Eli
    3. Psalms 105:1-22 Give thanks to YHWH! Call on his name! Make his doings known among the peoples. 2 Sing to him, sing praises to him! Tell of all his marvelous works. 3 Glory in his holy name. Let the heart of those who seek YHWH rejoice. 4 Seek YHWH and his strength. Seek his face forever more. 5 Remember his marvelous works that he has done: his wonders, and the judgments of his mouth, 6 you seed of Abraham, his servant, you sons of Jacob, his chosen ones. 7 He is YHWH, our Elohim. His judgments are in all the land. 8 He has remembered his covenant forever, the word which he commanded to a thousand generations, 9 the covenant which he made with Abraham, his oath to Isaac, 10 and confirmed it to Jacob for a statute; to Israel for an everlasting covenant, 11 saying, “To you I will give the land of Canaan, the lot of your inheritance,” 12 when they were but a few men in number, yes, very few, and foreigners in it. 13 They went about from nation to nation, from one reign to another people. 14 He allowed no one to do them wrong. Yes, he reproved kings for their sakes, 15 “Don’t touch my anointed ones! Do my prophets no harm!” 16 He called for a famine on the land. He destroyed the food supplies. 17 He sent a man before them. Joseph was sold for a slave. 18 They bruised his feet with shackles. His neck was locked in irons, 19 until the time that his word happened, and the word of YHWH proved him true. 20 The king sent and freed him, even the ruler of peoples, and let him go free. 21 He made him lord of his house, and ruler of all of his possessions, 22 to discipline his princes at his pleasure, and to teach his elders wisdom.
13. Genesis 41:42-44 Pharaoh took off his signet ring from his hand, and put it on hand of Joseph, and arrayed him in robes of fine linen, and put a gold chain about his neck. 43 He made him ride in the second chariot which he had. They cried before him, “Bend the knee!” He set him over all the land of Egypt. 44 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I am Pharaoh. Without you, no man shall lift up his hand or his foot in all the land of Egypt.”
    1. Psalms 105:17-23 He sent a man before them. Joseph was sold for a slave. 18 They bruised his feet with shackles. His neck was locked in irons, 19 until the time that his word happened, and the word of YHWH proved him true. 20 The king sent and freed him, even the ruler of peoples, and let him go free. 21 He made him lord of his house, and ruler of all of his possessions, 22 to discipline his princes at his pleasure, and to teach his elders wisdom. 23 Israel also came into Egypt. Jacob lived in the land of Ham.
    2. Sirach 49:15 Neither was there a man born like to Joseph, A governor of his kindred, a stay of the people: Yes, his bones were visited.
14. Genesis 41:45 Pharaoh called the name of Joseph Zaphenath-Paneah.
    1. צָֽפְנַת פַּעְנֵחַ Zaphenath-Paneah (H6847) is of Egyptian origin and means “treasury of the glorious rest.” According to Josephus, “out of regard to his prodigious degree of wisdom; for that name denotes the revealer of secrets.” – Antiquities of the Jews by Flavius Josephus 2.6.1
15. Genesis 41:45-49 …He gave him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On as a wife. Joseph went out over the land of Egypt. Joseph was thirty years old when he stood before Pharaoh king of Egypt. Joseph went out from the face of Pharaoh, and went throughout all the land of Egypt. 47 In the seven plenteous years the land produced by handfuls. 48 He gathered up all the food of the seven years [when there was abundance]^(LXX) in the land of Egypt, and laid up the food in the cities. He stored food in each city from the fields around that city. 49 Joseph laid up grain as the sand of the sea, very much, until he stopped counting, for it was without number.
    1. Jubilees 34:11 And they dealt treacherously with him, and formed a plot against him to slay him, but changing their minds, they sold him to Ishmaelite merchants, and they brought him down into Egypt, and they sold him to Potiphar, the eunuch of Pharaoh, the chief of the cooks, priest of the city of Elew.
    2. Elew, also called Heliopolis in Greek or On (cf. Genesis 41:45) in most translations, was a city in lower Egypt, bordering land of Goshen, center of sun-worship. בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ Beth Shemesh (H1053) was the name of multiple cities (cf. Joshua 15:10; Joshua 19:38; Judges 1:33; Joshua 19:22; Jeremiah 43:13) and possibly a reference to that city’s center of sun-worship. The Beth Shemesh in the land of Egypt as mentioned by Jeremiah is most likely the city of Elew (i.e. Heliopolis or On).
    3. Chief of the cooks = שַׂר הַטַבָּחִים Sar HaTabbachim (H8269 + H2867) literally means “ruler of the slaughterers” and is often translated as “executioner” because a priest slaughters animals for offering to their elohim and also cooks these slaughtered animals for food to be eaten by the priests and their families. According to Jubilees 34:11, Potiphar, the eunuch of Pharaoh, was the “chief of the cooks” and priest of the city of ‘Êlêw, fulfilling the duty and dual purpose of “ruler of the slaughterers.”
    4. Testament of Joseph 18:1-4 If ye also, therefore, walk in the commandments of the Lord, my children, He will exalt you there, and will bless you with good things for ever and ever. 2 And if any one seeketh to do evil unto you, do well unto him, and pray for him, and ye will be redeemed of the Lord from all evil. 3 For, behold, ye see that out of my humility and long-suffering I took unto wife the daughter of the priest of Heliopolis. And a hundred talents of gold were given me with her, and the Lord made them to serve me. 4 And He gave me also beauty as a flower beyond the beautiful ones of Israel; and He preserved me unto old age in strength and in beauty, because I was like in all things to Jacob.
16. Genesis 41:50-52 To Joseph were born two sons before the year of famine came, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, bore to him. 51 Joseph called the name of the firstborn Manasseh, “For”, he said, “Elohim has made me forget all my toil, and all my father’s house.” 52 The name of the second, he called Ephraim: “For Elohim has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.”
    1. 1 Maccabees 2:50-53 And now, my children, be you zealous for the law, and give your lives for the covenant of your fathers. 51 And call to remembrance the deeds of our fathers which they did in their generations; and receive great glory and an everlasting name. 52 Was not Abraham found faithful in trial, and it was reckoned to him for righteousness? 53 Joseph in the time of his distress kept the commandment, and became lord of Egypt.
    2. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan And Pharaoh called the name of Joseph, The man who revealeth mysteries. And he gave him Asenath, whom Dinah had borne to Shekem, and the wife of Potiphera prince (Rabba) of Tanis had brought up, to be his wife. And Joseph went forth ruler over the land of Mizraim. And Joseph was a son of thirty years when he stood before Pharaoh, king of Mizraim.
       1. Dinah actually died after Joseph was sold into slavery and there is no record of her bearing a child from the rape of Shechem:
          1. Jubilees 34:15 And on that day Bilhah heard that Joseph had perished, and she died mourning him, and she was living in †Qafrâtêf† and Dinah also, his daughter, died after Joseph had perished. And there came these three mournings upon Israel in one month. 16. And they buried Bilhah over against the tomb of Rachel, and Dinah also, his daughter, they buried there
17. Genesis 41:53-54 The seven years of plenty, that were in the land of Egypt, came to an end. 54 The seven years of famine began to come, just as Joseph had said. There was famine in all lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread.
    1. Acts 7:9 “The patriarchs, moved with zeal against Joseph, sold him into Egypt. Elohim was with him, 10 and delivered him out of all his afflictions, and gave him favor and wisdom before Pharaoh, king of Egypt. He made him governor over Egypt and all his house. 11 Now a famine came over all the land of Egypt and Canaan, and great affliction. Our fathers found no food. 12 But when Jacob heard that there was grain in Egypt, he sent out our fathers the first time.
    2. Genesis 38:27-30 In the time of her travail (Tamar), behold, twins were in her womb. 28 When she travailed, one put out a hand, and the midwife took and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, “This came out first.” 29 As he drew back his hand, behold, his brother came out, and she said, “Why have you made a breach for yourself?” Therefore his name was called Perez. 30 Afterward his brother came out, who had the scarlet thread on his hand, and his name was called Zerah.
       1. Jubilees 41:21 And after that she bare two sons, Perez and Zerah, in the seventh year of this second week [2170 A.M.].
       2. Ruth 4:12 Let your house be like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore to Judah, of the seed which YHWH will give you by this young woman.
       3. Jubilees 41:22 And thereupon the seven years of fruitfulness were accomplished, of which Joseph spake to Pharaoh.
       4. Testament of Judah 2:34-35 And after this we came into Egypt to Joseph, because of the famine. 35 And I was forty and six years old, and seventy and three years lived I in Egypt.
18. Genesis 41:55-57 When all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried to Pharaoh for bread, and Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, “Go to Joseph. What he says to you, do.” 56 The famine was over all the surface of the land. Joseph opened all the store houses [of grain],^(LXX) and sold to the Egyptians. The famine was severe in the land of Egypt. 57 All countries came into Egypt, to Joseph, to buy grain, because the famine was severe in all the land.
    1. Josephus 2.6.1 …Now after Egypt had happily passed over seven years, according to Joseph’s interpretation of the dreams, the famine came upon them in the eighth year; and because this misfortune fell upon them when they had no sense of it beforehand, they were all sorely afflicted by it, and came running to the king’s gates; and he called upon Joseph, who sold the corn to them, being become confessedly a savior to the whole multitude of the Egyptians. Nor did he open this market of corn for the people of that country only, but strangers had liberty to buy also; Joseph being willing that all men, who are naturally akin to one another, should have assistance from those that lived in happiness.

Acts 7:9-12; Acts 11:19-30