Study Notes Week 44

Read
Aloud together to hear the Word (Leviticus 23:1-3; Nehemiah 8:1-4; Luke 4:16-17)

44:1 He commanded the steward of his house, saying, “Fill the men’s sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put each man’s money in his sack’s mouth. 2 Put my cup, the silver cup, in the sack’s mouth of the youngest, with his grain money.” He did according to the word that Joseph had spoken. 3 As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they and their donkeys. 4 When they had gone out of the city, and were not yet far off, Joseph said to his steward, “Up, follow after the men. When you overtake them, ask them, ‘Why have you rewarded evil for good? 5 [Why have you stolen my silver cup?]^(LXX) Isn’t this that from which my lord drinks, and by which he indeed divines? You have done evil in so doing.’ ” 6 He overtook them, and he spoke these words to them. 7 They said to him, “Why does my lord speak such words as these? Far be it from your servants that they should do such a thing! 8 Behold, the money, which we found in our sacks’ mouths, we brought again to you out of the land of Canaan. How then should we steal silver or gold out of your lord’s house? 9 With whomever of your servants it is found, let him die, and we also will be my lord’s slaves.” 10 He said, “Now also let it be according to your words. He with whom it is found will be my slave; and you will be blameless.” 11 Then they hurried, and each man took his sack down to the ground, and each man opened his sack. 12 He searched, beginning with the oldest, and ending at the youngest. The cup was found in the sack of Benjamin. 13 Then they tore their clothes, and each man loaded his donkey, and returned to the city. 14 Judah and his brothers came to the house of Joseph, and he was still there. They fell on the ground before him. 15 Joseph said to them, “What deed is this that you have done? Don’t you know that such a man as I can indeed do divination?” 16 Judah said, “What will we tell my lord? What will we speak? How will we clear ourselves? Elohim has found out the iniquity of your servants. Behold, we are my lord’s slaves, both we and he also in whose hand the cup is found.” 17 He said, “Far be it from me that I should do so. The man in whose hand the cup is found, he will be my slave; but as for you, go up in peace to your father.” 18 Then Judah came near to him, and said, “Oh, my lord, please let your servant speak a word in my lord's ears, and don't let your anger burn against your servant; for you are even as Pharaoh. 19 My lord asked his servants, saying, ‘Have you a father, or a brother?' 20 We said to my lord, ‘We have a father, a bearded man, and a child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead, and he alone is left of his mother; and his father loves him.' 21 You said to your servants, ‘Bring him down to me, that I may set my eyes on him.' 22 We said to my lord, ‘The boy can't leave his father, for if he should leave his father, his father would die.' 23 You said to your servants, ‘Unless your youngest brother comes down with you, you will see my face no more.' 24 When we came up to your servant my father, we told him the words of my lord. 25 Our father said, ‘Go again and buy us a little food.' 26 We said, ‘We can't go down. If our youngest brother is with us, then we will go down: for we may not see the man's face, unless our youngest brother is with us.' 27 Your servant, my father, said to us, ‘You know that my wife bore me two sons. 28 One went out from me, and I said, “Surely he is torn in pieces;” and I haven't seen him since. 29 If you take this one also from me, and harm happens to him, you will bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to Sheol.' 30 Now therefore when I come to your servant my father, and the boy is not with us; since his life is bound up in the boy's life; 31 it will happen, when he sees that the boy is not [with us],^(LXX)(SP)  that he will die. Your servants will bring down the gray hairs of your servant, our father, with sorrow to Sheol. 32 For your servant became surety for the boy to my father, saying, ‘If I don't bring him to you, then I will bear the blame to my father forever.' 33 Now therefore, please let your servant stay instead of the boy, my lord's slave; and let the boy go up with his brothers. 34 For how will I go up to my father, if the boy isn't with me?—lest I see the evil that will come on my father.”

Torah Portion Summary
Context and coherence (Nehemiah 8:8)

Review

1. Genesis 43:1-5 The famine was severe in the land. 2 When they had eaten up the grain which they had brought out of Egypt, their father said to them, “Go again, buy us a little more food.” 3 Judah spoke to him, saying, “The man solemnly warned us, saying, ‘You shall not see my face, unless your brother is with you.’ 4 If you’ll send our brother with us, we’ll go down and buy you food; 5 but if you don’t send him, we won’t go down, for the man said to us, ‘You shall not see my face, unless your brother is with you.’ ”
2. Genesis 43:11-14 Their father, Israel, said to them, “If it must be so, then do this: Take from the choice fruits of the land in your bags, and carry down a present for the man, a little balm, a little honey, spices and myrrh, nuts, and almonds; 12 and take double money in your hand, and take back the money that was returned in the mouth of your sacks. Perhaps it was an oversight. 13 Take your brother also, get up, and return to the man. 14 May El Shaddai give you mercy before the man, that he may release to you your other brother and Benjamin. If I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved.”
   1. Often translated as “God Almighty,” אֵל שַׁדַּי El Shaddai (H410 +  H7706) literally means “Mighty Breasted One” where שַׁדַּי shaddai is derived from שָׁדַיִם shadayim (H7699 & H7700) which means “breasts” (cf. Genesis 49:25) and figuratively represents “abundant provision,” thus El Shaddai can be translated as “God of abundant provision.” The Old Akkadian word for breast was shadwi. The hypothetical derivation of Hebrew shaddai from Akkadian shaddu’a “mountaineer” or shaddu “mountain” is based on phonetic association rather than philology. The Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate translated shaddai as “all powerful”.
   2. Mercy חֶסֶד chesed (H2617) refers to the acts of kindness taken to help another. חֶסֶד chesed is equivalent to the Greek word ἔλεος eleos (G1656) which is kindness or good will towards the miserable and the afflicted, joined with a desire to help them.
3. Genesis 43:23-25 He said, “Peace be to you. Don’t be afraid. Your Elohim, and the Elohim of your father, has given you treasure in your sacks. I received your money.” He brought Shimon out to them. 24 The man brought the men into the house of Joseph, and gave them water, and they washed their feet. He gave their donkeys fodder. 25 They prepared the gift for the coming of Joseph at noon, for they heard that they should eat bread there.
4. Genesis 43:26 When Joseph came home, they brought him the gift which was in their hand into the house, and bowed themselves down to him with their [face]^(LXX) to the ground.
   1. Genesis 37:2-4 These are the birthings of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brothers. He was a boy with the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, his father’s wives. Joseph brought [their]^(MTT) evil slander to their father. 3 Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his sons, because he was the son of his old age, and he made him a tunic [of many colors].^(LXX) 4 His brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, and they hated him, and couldn’t speak peaceably to him.
   2. Genesis 37:5-8 Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it to his brothers, and they hated him all the more. 6 He said to them, “Please hear this dream which I have dreamed: 7 for behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and behold, my sheaf arose and also stood upright; and behold, your sheaves came around, and bowed down to my sheaf.” 8 His brothers asked him, “Will you indeed reign over us? Will you indeed rule over us?” They hated him all the more for his dreams and for his words.
   3. Genesis 37:9-11 He dreamed yet another dream, and told it [to his father and]^(LXX) to his brothers, and said, “Behold, I have dreamed yet another dream: and behold, the sun and the moon and eleven stars bowed down to me.” 10 He told it to his father and to his brothers. His father rebuked him, and said to him, “What is this dream that you have dreamed? Will I and your mother and your brothers indeed come to bow ourselves down to the land before you?” 11 His brothers envied him, but his father guarded the word.
5. Genesis 43:27-28 Then he asked them of their peace, and said, “How is the peace of your father, the bearded man which you said, is he yet living?”  28 They said, peace to your servant, our father, he is yet living. [Then he said, “Blessed be that man by Elohim.”]^(LXX)(SP) and he bowed the head and bent himself down.
6. Genesis 43:29-31 He lifted up his eyes, and saw Benjamin, his brother, his mother’s son, and said, “Is this your youngest brother, of whom you spoke to me?” He said, “Elohim be gracious to you, my son.” 30 Joseph hurried, for his bowels yearned over his brother; and he sought a place to weep. He entered into his room, and wept there. 31 He washed his face, and came out. He controlled himself, and said, “Set the bread in place.”
7. Genesis 43:32 They served him by himself, and them by themselves, and the Egyptians who ate with him by themselves, because the Egyptians don’t eat with the Hebrews, for that is an abomination to the Egyptians.
   1. Abomination = תוֹעֵבָה to’ebah (H8441) means to hate something that is disgusting where the root of תוֹעֵבָה to’ebah literally means, “to feel intense or passionate dislike for someone or something.”
   2. Eating with Hebrews, Shepherds, and Lambs are each abominations to the Egyptians.
      1. Genesis 43:32 …the Egyptians don’t eat with the Hebrews, for that is an abomination to the Egyptians.
      2. Genesis 46:31-34 Joseph said to his brothers, and to his father’s house, “I will go up, and speak with Pharaoh, and will tell him, ‘My brothers, and my father’s house, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me. 32 These men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of livestock, and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.’ 33 It will happen, when Pharaoh summons you, and will say, ‘What is your occupation?’ 34 that you shall say, ‘Your servants have been keepers of livestock from our youth even until now, both we, and our fathers:’ that you may dwell in the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an abomination to the Egyptians.”
      3. Exodus 8:25-27 Pharaoh called for Moses and for Aaron, and said, “Go, sacrifice to your Elohim in the land!” 26 Moses said, “It isn’t appropriate to do so; for we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians to YHWH our Elohim. Behold, if we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, won’t they stone us? 27 We will go three days’ journey into the wilderness, and sacrifice to YHWH our Elohim, as he shall command us.”
8. Genesis 43:33 They sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth, and the men marveled with one another. 34 He sent portions to them from before him, but the portion of Benjamin was five times as much as any of theirs. They drank, and became drunk with him.
   1. Firstborn = בְּכוֹר bekor (H1060) means “firstborn” of the womb of a woman or animal (cf. Leviticus 27:26; Deuteronomy 15:19) and בִּכּוּר bikur (H1061) means “firstfruits” of the crop (cf. Exodus 34:26; Deuteronomy 26:2); both Hebrew words signify the chosen or elected as belonging to YHWH. בִּכּוּר bikur comes from the root word בָּחַר bachar (H977) which means “to choose” in the sense of an examination to select, or elect, the choicest. בָּחַר bachar is equivalent to the Greek word ἐκλεκτός eklektos (G1588) means to be elected, chosen, or selected.

Genesis 44:1-34

1. Genesis 44:1-5 He commanded the steward of his house, saying, “Fill the men’s sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put each man’s money in his sack’s mouth. 2 Put my cup, the silver cup, in the sack’s mouth of the youngest, with his grain money.” He did according to the word that Joseph had spoken. 3 As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they and their donkeys. 4 When they had gone out of the city, and were not yet far off, Joseph said to his steward, “Up, follow after the men. When you overtake them, ask them, ‘Why have you rewarded evil for good? 5 [Why have you stolen my silver cup?]^(LXX) Isn’t this that from which my lord drinks, and by which he indeed divines? You have done evil in so doing.’ ”
   1. Divine = נָחָשׁ nachash (H5175) is most often translated as “serpent” and comes from the word נָחַשׁ nachash (H5178) and literally means “to divine” which is to learn something through divination (the practice of seeking knowledge of the future or the unknown by supernatural means). Bibles have used the words enchantment, divine, enchanter, indeed, certainly, learn, experience, diligently, or observe to translate the word נָחַשׁ nachash.
   2. In Genesis 3:1, we learn that the nachash was a wild beast, translated as חַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה chayat hasadeh (H2416 + H7704) in Hebrew and θηρίον thērion (G2342) in the Greek Septuagint, that was more subtle and crafty than any other wild beast. In Mark 1:13, we learn that when Yeshua was in the wilderness forty days, tempted by Satan. He was with the wild beasts (θηρίον thērion) and the angels were serving Him. We also learn that the great dragon in the Book of Revelation is the ancient nachash, “he who is called the devil and Satan.” (Revelation 12:9; Revelation 20:2)
   3. According to Judaism, “the gematria (numerical value) of the Hebrew word for “snake,” nachash, is equivalent to the value of the word Moshiach. Moshiach will bring an end to exile and repair the damage done to the world through the sin of the Tree of Knowledge, which was caused by a snake.” – by Chaya Shuchat “Hidden Good” on TheJewishWoman.org
2. Genesis 44:6-10 He overtook them, and he spoke these words to them. 7 They said to him, “Why does my lord speak such words as these? Far be it from your servants that they should do such a thing! 8 Behold, the money, which we found in our sacks’ mouths, we brought again to you out of the land of Canaan. How then should we steal silver or gold out of your lord’s house? 9 With whomever of your servants it is found, let him die, and we also will be my lord’s slaves.” 10 He said, “Now also let it be according to your words. He with whom it is found will be my slave; and you will be blameless.”
3. Genesis 44:11-15 Then they hurried, and each man took his sack down to the ground, and each man opened his sack. 12 He searched, beginning with the oldest, and ending at the youngest. The cup was found in the sack of Benjamin. 13 Then they tore their clothes, and each man loaded his donkey, and returned to the city. 14 Judah and his brothers came to the house of Joseph, and he was still there. They fell on the ground before him. 15 Joseph said to them, “What deed is this that you have done? Don’t you know that such a man as I can indeed do divination?”
4. Genesis 44:16-17 Judah said, “What will we tell my lord? What will we speak? How will we clear ourselves? Elohim has found out the iniquity of your servants. Behold, we are my lord’s slaves, both we and he also in whose hand the cup is found.” 17 He said, “Far be it from me that I should do so. The man in whose hand the cup is found, he will be my slave; but as for you, go up in peace to your father.”
5. Genesis 44:18 Then Judah came near to him, and said, “Oh, my lord, please let your servant speak a word in my lord‘s ears, and don’t let your anger burn against your servant; for you are even as Pharaoh. 19 My lord asked his servants, saying, ‘Have you a father, or a brother?’ 20 We said to my lord, ‘We have a father, a bearded man, and a child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead, and he alone is left of his mother; and his father loves him.’ 21 You said to your servants, ‘Bring him down to me, that I may set my eyes on him.’ 22 We said to my lord, ‘The boy can’t leave his father, for if he should leave his father, his father would die.’ 23 You said to your servants, ‘Unless your youngest brother comes down with you, you will see my face no more.’ 24 When we came up to your servant my father, we told him the words of my lord. 25 Our father said, ‘Go again and buy us a little food.’ 26 We said, ‘We can’t go down. If our youngest brother is with us, then we will go down: for we may not see the man’s face, unless our youngest brother is with us.’ 27 Your servant, my father, said to us, ‘You know that my wife bore me two sons. 28 One went out from me, and I said, “Surely he is torn in pieces;” and I haven’t seen him since. 29 If you take this one also from me, and harm happens to him, you will bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to Sheol.’ 30 Now therefore when I come to your servant my father, and the boy is not with us; since his life is bound up in the boy’s life; 31 it will happen, when he sees that the boy is not [with us],^(LXX)(SP)  that he will die. Your servants will bring down the gray hairs of your servant, our father, with sorrow to Sheol. 32 For your servant became surety for the boy to my father, saying, ‘If I don’t bring him to you, then I will bear the blame to my father forever.’ 33 Now therefore, please let your servant stay instead of the boy, my lord’s slave; and let the boy go up with his brothers. 34 For how will I go up to my father, if the boy isn’t with me?—lest I see the evil that will come on my father.”
   1. Jerusalem Targum: And Jehuda came near him, and said, In beseeching thee, my lord, let thy servant now speak a word in the hearing of my lord, and let not thy anger be strong against thy servant; for at the first time we came down to thee into Mizraim didst thou not tell us, I fear before the Lord? And now thy judgments are returned like the judgments of Pharaoh thy lord, by whom thou adjurest. Yet I am honourable as thou art, and my father is honourable as Pharaoh thy lord is, by whom thou dost adjure. Can I not swear by the life of the head of my father, and not lie? For if I draw my sword from within its sheath, I would not return it till I had filled all the land of Mizraim with the slain; to its sheath I would not return it, till I had made all Mizraim desolate of inhabitants, beginning with thyself, and ending with Pharaoh thy lord, were it not against the will of my father. Or, hath it not been heard by thee, or not told thee, what my two brothers Shimeon and Levi did, who went up against the town of Shekem, while they were dwelling in security, and killed every male by the edge of the sword, because they had corrupted Dinah our sister, who hath not been numbered in the tribes, nor hath portion or inheritance with us in the dividing of the land? By how much more then (will it be done) for Benjamin our brother, who is numbered with us among the tribes, and who hath portion and inheritance with us in the dividing of the land ? And in force is more unyielding than theirs, because I have become the sponsor for the youth at the hands of my father, saying, If I bring him not to thee, and set him before thee, I will be guilty with thee and be removed from thy salutation all the days. Hast thou not heard, or hath it not been told thee, that in the land of Kenaan we are kings and princes, as thou art? When Joseph, the beloved and honourable, saw that the strength of Jehuda his brother had risen up, and that the thoughts of his heart came forth, and that they rent their garments, in that hour beckoned Joseph to Menasheh his first‑born, and stamped with his shoe; and all Joseph’s palace trembled. In that hour Jehuda said, If it had not been on the side of the house of my father, it would not have been done so. Then began Jehuda to be milder in his words, and he said, My lord asked his servants, saying, Have you a father, or a brother?
   2. Josephus 2.6.8. …But Judas, who had persuaded their father to send the lad from him, being otherwise also a very bold and active man, determined to hazard himself for the preservation of his brother. “It is true,” said he, “O governor, that we have been very wicked with regard to thee, and on that account deserved punishment; even all of us may justly be punished, although theft were not committed by all, but only by one of us, and he the youngest also; but yet there remains some hope for us, who otherwise must be under despair on his account, and this from thy goodness, which promises us a deliverance out of our present danger. And now I beg thou wilt not look at us, or at that great crime we have been guilty of, but at thy own excellent nature, and take advice of thine own virtue, instead of that wrath thou hast against us; which passion those that otherwise are of lower character indulge, as they do their strength, and that not only on great, but also on very trifling occasions. Overcome, sir, that passion, and be not subdued by it, nor suffer it to slay those that do not otherwise presume upon their own safety, but are desirous to accept of it from thee; for this is not the first time that thou wilt bestow it on us, but before, when we came to buy corn, thou affordedst us great plenty of food, and gavest us leave to carry so much home to our family as has preserved them from perishing by famine. Nor is there any difference between not overlooking men that were perishing for want of necessaries, and not punishing those that seem to be offenders, and have been so unfortunate as to lose the advantage of that glorious benefaction which they received from thee. This will be an instance of equal favor, though bestowed after a different manner; for thou wilt save those this way whom thou didst feed the other; and thou wilt hereby preserve alive, by thy own bounty, those souls which thou didst not suffer to be distressed by famine, it being indeed at once a wonderful and a great thing to sustain our lives by corn, and to bestow on us that pardon, whereby, now we are distressed, we may continue those lives. And I am ready to suppose that Elohim is willing to afford thee this opportunity of showing thy virtuous disposition, by bringing us into this calamity, that it may appear thou canst forgive the injuries that are done to thyself, and mayst be esteemed kind to others, besides those who, on other accounts, stand in need of thy assistance; since it is indeed a right thing to do well to those who are in distress for want of food, but still a more glorious thing to save those who deserve to be punished, when it is on account of heinous offenses against thyself; for if it be a thing deserving commendation to forgive such as have been guilty of small offenses, that tend to a person’s loss, and this be praiseworthy in him that overlooks such offenses, to restrain a man’s passion as to crimes which are capital to the guilty, is to be like the most excellent nature of Elohim himself. And truly, as for myself, had it not been that we had a father, who had discovered, on occasion of the death of Joseph, how miserably he is always afflicted at the loss of his sons, I had not made any words on account of the saving of our own lives; I mean, any further than as that would be an excellent character for thyself, to preserve even those that would have nobody to lament them when they were dead, but we would have yielded ourselves up to suffer whatsoever thou pleasedst; but now [for we do not plead for mercy to ourselves, though indeed, if we die, it will be while we are young, and before we have had the enjoyment of life] have regard to our father, and take pity of his old age, on whose account it is that we make these supplications to thee. We beg thou wilt give us those lives which this wickedness of ours has rendered obnoxious to thy punishment; and this for his sake who is not himself wicked, nor does his being our father make us wicked.
   3. Surety = עָרַב arav (H6148) means to mix or barter wares found in the marketplace for sale or trade.
   4. Matthew 26:47-54 While he was still speaking, behold, Judah, one of the twelve, came, and with him a great multitude with swords and clubs, from the chief priests and elders of the people. 48 Now he who betrayed him had given them a sign, saying, “Whoever I kiss, he is the one. Seize him.” 49 Immediately he came to Yeshua, and said, “Greetings, Rabbi!” and kissed him. 50 Yeshua said to him, “Friend, why are you here?” Then they came and laid hands on Yeshua, and took him. 51 Behold, one of those who were with Yeshua stretched out his hand and drew his sword, and struck the servant of the high priest, and cut off his ear. 52 Then Yeshua said to him, “Put your sword back into its place, for all those who take the sword will die by the sword. 53 Or do you think that I couldn’t ask my Father, and he would even now send me more than twelve legions of angels? 54 How then would the Scriptures be fulfilled that it must be so?”

1. Isaiah 52:13 – 53:12
   1. Isaiah 52:13 Behold, my servant will deal wisely. He will be exalted and lifted up, and will be very high. 14 Just as many were astonished at [him]^(DSS)(SP)— his appearance was marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men— 15 so he will cleanse many nations. Kings will shut their mouths at him; for they will see that which had not been told them, and they will understand that which they had not heard. (cf. Romans 15:21)
      1. Romans 15:15-21 But I write the more boldly to you in part as reminding you, because of the grace that was given to me by Elohim, 16 that I should be a servant of Messiah Yeshua to the Nations, serving as a priest of the Good News of Elohim, that the offering up of the Nations might be made acceptable, sanctified by the Holy Spirit. 17 I have therefore my boasting in Messiah Yeshua in things pertaining to Elohim. 18 For I will not dare to speak of any things except those which Messiah worked through me for the obedience of the Nations, by word and deed, 19 in the power of signs and wonders, in the power of the Spirit of Elohim; so that from Jerusalem and around as far as to Illyricum, I have fully preached the Good News of Messiah; 20 yes, making it my aim to proclaim the Good News, not where Messiah was already named, that I might not build on another’s foundation. 21 But, as it is written, “They will see, to whom no news of him came. They who haven’t heard will understand.” (cf. Isaiah 52:15)
   2. Isaiah 53:1 [YHWH],^(LXX) who has believed our message? (cf. John 12:37-38; Romans 10:16-17) To whom has the arm of YHWH been revealed? 2 For he grew up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of dry ground. He has no good looks or majesty. When we see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him. 3 [We despised him]^(DSS) and we did not value him, a man of suffering and [familiar]^{(DSS)(SP)(LXX)} with disease. He was despised as one from whom men hide their face; and we didn’t respect him. 4 Surely he has borne our sickness and carried our suffering (cf. Matthew 8:17); yet we considered him plagued and struck by Elohim, and afflicted. 5 But he was pierced for our transgressions (cf. Matthew 27:35, 1:21; 2 Co 5:21; Ephesians 1:7; 1 Peter 2:24; 1 John 1:7; Revelation 1:5) [and]^(DSS)(LXX) he was crushed for our iniquities. The punishment that brought our peace was on him; and by his wounds we are healed (cf. Mark 14:65; Matthew 27:26; 1 Peter 2:24).  6 All we like sheep have gone astray (cf. 1 Peter 2:24-25). Everyone has turned to his own way; and YHWH has laid on him the iniquity of us all. 7 He was oppressed, yet when he was afflicted he didn’t open his mouth. As a [sheep]^(LXX) that is led to the slaughter, and as a [lamb]^(LXX) that before its shearers is silent, so he didn’t open his mouth. 8 [In his oppression his justice was taken away].^(LXX) Who will consider his generation? [For his life]^(LXX) was cut off from the land. [For the transgression of my people he was led to death].^(LXX) 9 [They]^(LXX) made his grave with the wicked, and with a rich man in his death, although he had done no [sin],^(LXX) nor was any deceit [found]^(LXX) in his mouth (cf. 1 Peter 2:22). 10 Yet it pleased YHWH to bruise him and make him ill. When you make his soul an offering for sin, he will see his seed. He will prolong his days and the pleasure of YHWH will prosper in his hand. 11 After the suffering of his soul, he will see [light]^(DSS)(LXX) and [form him with understanding].^(LXX)My righteous servant will make many righteous and he will bear their iniquities. 12 Therefore I will give him a portion with the great. He will divide the plunder with the strong; because he poured out his soul to death and was counted with the transgressors (cf. Mark 15:28; Luke 22:37); yet he bore the [sins]^(DSS)(LXX) of many (cf. Hebrews 9:28) and made intercession for [their transgressions].^(DSS)(LXX)
2. Romans 10:1-21
   1. Romans 10:1 Brothers, my heart’s desire and my prayer to Elohim is for [them],^(mss) that they may be saved. 2 For I testify about them that they have a zeal for Elohim, but not according to knowledge. 3 For being ignorant of the righteousness of Elohim, and seeking to establish their own righteousness, they didn’t subject themselves to the righteousness of Elohim. 4 For Messiah is the goal of the Torah for righteousness to everyone who believes. 5 For Moses writes about the righteousness of the Torah, “The one who does them will live by them.” (cf. Leviticus 18:5) 6 But the righteousness which is of faith says this, “Don’t say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into the heavens?’ (cf. Deuteronomy 30:12) That is, to bring Messiah down; 7 or, ‘Who will descend into the abyss?’ (cf. Deuteronomy 30:13) That is, to bring Messiah up from the dead.” 8 But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart;” (cf. Deuteronomy 30:14) that is, the word of faith which we proclaim: 9 that if you will confess with your mouth that Yeshua is Lord and believe in your heart that Elohim raised him from the dead, you will be saved. 10 For with the heart one believes resulting in righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made resulting in salvation. 11 For the Scripture says, “Whoever believes in him will not be disappointed.” (cf. Isaiah 28:16) 12 For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, and is rich to all who call on him. 13 For, “Whoever will call on the name of the Lord will be saved.” (cf. Joel 2:32) 14 How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? How will they believe in him whom they have not heard? How will they hear without a proclaimer? 15 And how will they proclaim unless they are sent? As it is written: “How beautiful are the feet of those who proclaim the Good News of peace, who bring glad tidings of good things!” (cf. Isaiah 52:7) 16 But they didn’t all listen to the good news. For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed our report?” (cf. Isaiah 53:1) 17 So faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of [Messiah].^(mss) 18 But I say, didn’t they hear? Yes, most certainly, “Their sound went out into all the land, their words to the ends of the world.” (cf. Psalms 19:4) 19 But I ask, didn’t Israel know? First Moses says, “I will provoke you to zeal with that which is no nation. I will make you angry with a nation void of understanding.” (cf. Deuteronomy 32:21) 20 Isaiah is very bold and says, “I was found by those who didn’t seek me. I was revealed to those who didn’t ask for me.” (cf. Isaiah 65:1) 21 But about Israel he says, “All day long I stretched out my hands to a disobedient and contrary people.” (cf. Isaiah 65:2)